Chief among these was his inability to capture the fortress of Alinja from the Jalairid Sultanate in 1395. Miran Shah and Abu Bakr attempted to retake the city in the Battle of Sardrud on the 20 April 1408, but were decisively defeated by the joint efforts of the Turkomans and Jalayirids. Biography . Nevertheless, the angry Khanzada never returned to her husband and remained with Timur in Samarqand. January 1 – The Welsh surrender Harlech Castle to the English. [10], In 1394, Timur entered a conflict with members of a Sufi sect known as the Hurufis. Khalil decided to surrender to Shahrukh Mirza, who had captured Shad Mulk. Shah Rukh, governor of Herat and Timur's other surviving son, made no offensive move against his nephews at this point. However, after facing accusations of destructive and hedonistic behaviour, the prince was later deposed from these roles by the emperor. [18] Instead, Miran Shah was deposed from his lands and assigned to Timur's own retinue, where he would remain for the next four years. In 1389 the governor of Tus, Amir Hajji Beg Jauni Qurbani, aided by a Sarbadar ruler, sought to make himself independent. [16][17], Worries had also been raised for the emperor regarding his son's loyalty. During Timur's lifetime, Khalil Sultan gained Timur's particular favor. April 1408) (Persian: میران شاہ ) was a son of Timur, and a Timurid governor during his father's lifetime.Miran Shah's first charge was a vast region centered around Qandahar, which he was granted in 1383.That same year, he destroyed a rebellion against Timurid authority by the Kartids, then vassals of Timur in Khurasan under their leader Ghyas al-Din. Miran Shah's excessive lifestyle evidently took its toll on his health, as he was described by Clavijo as "big and fat, and he suffers much from the gout. This dominion, which Timur termed "the throne of Hulagu", was bestowed upon Miran Shah. In 1905, the British constructed Miramshah Fort to control North Waziristan. In 1383, the head of the former royal family, Ghiyas-uddin Pir 'Ali, became complicit in a plot against Timur. Miran the Pious (1366-16 April 1408) was a general of the Timurid Empire, and the son of Timur. In 1396 Tamerlane appointed his son Miran Shah as viceroy of Azerbaijan. Some of Tokhtamysh's most distinguished followers were taken captive, who were then escorted by Miran Shah to his father's winter quarters in Qarabagh, where they were presented to Timur in chains. Khalil Sultan (Chagatai/Persian: خلیل سلطان) was the Timurid ruler of Transoxiana from 18 February 1405 to 1409. [2], Meanwhile, Shahrukh Mirza, who was ruling in Herat, also decided to press his claims. ... Miran Shah doctor killed in … A famine caused him to be even more despised. Ruy González de Clavijo, the Castilian ambassador to Timur's court, claimed that the prince had ancient buildings destroyed, supposedly so that it would be known that "Miran Shah did nothing himself, but he ordered the finest works in the world to be demolished". Babur was the son of Umar Sheikh Mirza, son of Abu Sa’id Mirza, son of Sultan Muhammad Mirza, son of Miran Shah Mirza, son of Timur. [14][18], In 1399, Timur sent a detachment of troops under his nephew Sulaiman Shah to investigate his concerns. [14], Reports eventually started reaching Timur of his son's behaviour. In the early 1950s, the Pakistan Air Force (PAF) and the "Tochi Scouts" of Pakistan's paramilitary Frontier Corps carried out counter-insurgency operations from Miramshah Airfield and Miramshah Fort against the insurgency fomented by the rebellious … Abū Saʿīd Mirza (Chagatay/Persian: ابو سعید میرزا) was the son of Muḥammad son of Miran Shah son of Amir Timur (Herat, 1424–1469), and was a Timurid Empire ruler in Transoxiana, Khurasan and the southern Caspian region, what is today parts of Turkmenistan, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Iran, Azerbaijan and Afghanistan and member of the Timurid dynasty. Amongst the main contenders were Miran Shah and Shah Rukh (the two surviving sons of Timur), Pir Muhammad (the son of Jahangir who was Timur’s favorite son and designated heir), and Khalil Sultan (Miran Shah’s son). Timur appoints his son Miran Shah as Timurid viceroy of Azerbaijan. Biography During Timur’s lifetime, Khalil Sultan gained Timur’s particular favor. His grandson Abu Sa'id Mirza eventually came to rule the majority of Transoxiana in the latter half of the 15th century. He died there in 1411. Mirza Jalal-ud-din[1] Miran Shah Beg (1366 – 20 April 1408), commonly known as Miran Shah (Persian: میران شاہ), was a son of the Central Asian conqueror Timur, founder of the Timurid Empire. Qara Yusuf then had his head impaled before the walls of Tabriz to induce the cities inhabitants to surrender. While leaving a mosque in 1426, Shah Rukh became the victim of an assassination attempt. Contrary to his usual practise however, Timur treated the prisoners leniently and returned them to Tokhtamysh. He distinguished himself during the campaign in India and in 1402 […] The prince's fief was now the entirety of northern Persia and Transcaucasia, and included the cities of Baghdad, Tabriz and Soltaniyeh. [11] Miran Shah was instructed to arrest the founder of the movement Fazlallah Astarabadi al-Hurufi who was, according to legend, executed by the prince himself. Brooklyn Museum, Gift of Philip P. Weisberg, 59.206.10 (Photo: Brooklyn Museum, 59.206.10_acetate_bw.jpg) A May 1403 letter. Timur's son, Miran Shah (1366 - April 1408)( also a town in Pakistan), and was granted governorship of Qandahar in 1383. There are doubts however regarding this claim, since Miran Shah was purported to have had an interest in Muslim historic literature. Although his designated successor was his grandson Pir Muhammad b. Jahangir, Timur was ultimately succeeded in power by his son Shah Rukh. [16] Miran Shah, without posing any difficulties, returned with them to face his father, who had by this point arrived in Soltaniyeh to confront him. Timur was the paternal great-great-great grandfather of Babur, the founder of the Mughal Empire. [6], In the winter of 1386, Timur launched an invasion of Azerbaijan, an area that had by that point been sought after by the Golden Horde for over a century. He was a son of Miran Shah and a grandson of Timur. 25th Punjabis (now 9 Punjab, Pakistan Army) regimental band at Miram Shah, NWFP, 1917. [5], https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Khalil_Sultan&oldid=903468176, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles containing Persian-language text, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. He decided to return to the Ferghana Valley with his former mentor, Khudaidad Hussain, who went to Moghulistan (the realm of the eastern Chagatai Khans) in an attempt to win their support. Ulugh Beg becomes governor of Samarkand. They were sent bearing only paternal reproaches towards the Khan, a final, ultimately unsuccessful attempt by Timur to discourage his former mentee from further hostilities. Philibert de Naillac succeeds Juan Fernández de Heredia as Grand Master of the Knights Hospitaller. Life. Miran Shah was Timur's eldest living son by this point, but was not considered an active contender to the throne and was passed over in favour of his own son, Khalil Sultan. Miran Shah was commanded to avenge this defeat and routed the enemy force, pursuing the fleeing soldiers as far as Derbent, the frontier of the Golden Horde. Having tied a rope around his neck, Miran Shah appeared before the emperor and begged for his forgiveness. [6], However Miran Shah, who had been suffering from mental issues following a fall from his horse several years earlier, began to show increasingly destructive tendencies during his rule. A copy has been kept of the answer of Charles VI to Timur, dated 15 June 1403. [2], Miran Shah was born in 1366, the third of Timur's four sons. Though never ruling in his own right, the line of Miran Shah played a prominent role in the history of the Timurid Empire. As a result, in 1394 the founder of the movement, Fazlallah Astarabadi, had been arrested and executed on Timur's orders by his son Miran Shah. All of these claimants to the Timurid throne, with the exception of Shah Rukh, were dead by 1410. "[15], In addition to this, Timur had concerns regarding unrest and taxation problems in Miran Shah's domains, as well as the prince's military failures. Khalil Sultan (Chagatai/Persian: خلیل سلطان ) was the Timurid ruler of Transoxiana from 18 February 1405 to 1409. [24], Though Abu Bakr had managed to escape,[25] Miran Shah was struck down during the battle by a Turkoman chief who, having not recognised the prince, had stripped and looted his body. Abu Sa'id Mirza was born in 1424, the second son of the Timurid prince Muhammad Mirza by his wife Shah Islam. Nevertheless, Khalil's position began to weaken. Martin I of Aragon becomes King of Sicily. The latter had considerable influence over Khalil, convincing him to appoint people of so-called low birth to high positions at the expense of the nobility. He received his wife back, and was appointed governor of Ray. The two princes drove out Jalayir at Tabriz before being forced to contend with another former enemy: Qara Yusuf, ruler of the Black Sheep Turkomans. That same year, he destroyed a rebellion against Timurid authority by the Kartids. A miniatur e painting (dated 1702-1712) of Timur , his descendants and the Mughal emper ors. As a result of this rout, all of Timur's western conquests were lost, with the Timurids being subsequently driven out of western Persia. [19][20], The latter proclaimed himself emperor at Tashkent soon after his grandfather's death and seized the royal treasury, as well as Timur's imperial capital Samarqand. Ahmad Jalayir, who had been expelled by Timur fifteen years previously, took advantage of the old emperor's death to recapture his former lands. View Miran Shah’s profile on LinkedIn, the world’s largest professional community. Miran Shah, son of Timur; 1409. Miran Shah in particular was considered to be the Dajjal (Antichrist) and was further mocked as Maran Shah (King of Snakes). Timur’s legacy is a mixed one. He marched with Aba Bakr in an attempt to reinforce Khalil, but eventually turned back. He held on grimly and finally liquidated the Kurds in 1394 after fierce fighting. Khalil Sultan : biography 1384 – November 4, 1411 Khalil Sultan (Chagatai/) was the Timurid ruler of Transoxiana from 1405 to 1409. Daulatshah states that Timur was moved to tears when Khanzada presented to him her blood-stained chemise, though this episode was not confirmed in contemporary sources. By collaborating on equal terms with the Sultan Ahmed Jalayir against the Timurids, Qara Yusuf effectively secured the independence of the Kara Koyunlu.] His third son, Miran Shah, died soon after Timur, leaving the youngest son, Shah Rukh. [13], By 1393, Timur had conquered all the lands that had formerly been part of the Mongol Ilkhanate. This is a Latin transcription of a letter from Timur to Charles VI, and another from Miran Shah, his son, to the Christian princes, announcing their victory over Bayezid I at Smyrna. Feb 27, 2017 - Sultan Muhammad Mirza, sixth son of Miran Shah [4], Khalil's rule in Samarkand finally ended when Shahrukh Mirza entered the city unopposed on May 13, 1409. [26], harvtxt error: multiple targets (2×): CITEREFWoods1990 (, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Miran_Shah&oldid=995154830, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles containing Persian-language text, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, Daulatgaldi Agha — daughter of Payanda Sultan, son of Jahangir Barlas, Rajab Sutlan Begum, married to Sa'd Waqas (son of, This page was last edited on 19 December 2020, at 15:06. Miran Shah had alluded in letters about his father's increasing age and doubts about Timur's continued capabilities of ruling. This was said to be due to the latter's Semitic descent. Mirza Miran Shah Beg (1366 – 16? Shams-i-Jahan, however, had Khudaidad Hussain executed for his treason to Khalil and returned Khalil his kingdom. Mirza Jalal-ud-din Miran Shah Beg (1366 – 20 April 1408), commonly known as Miran Shah (Persian: میران شاہ), was a son of the Central Asian conqueror Timur, founder of the Timurid Empire. Of Timur's four sons, two (Jahangir and Umar Shaykh) predeceased him. During his father's reign, Miran Shah was initially a powerful regional governor and prominent military commander, having aided Timur in his conquests as well as suppressing several revolts. His friends and advisers, among whom were well known figures, were severely punished, with some being executed for the alleged crime of corrupting the prince and leading him astray. This was likely as a result of both heresy charges laid against the group by traditional religious scholars, as well as Timur's own attempts to remove potential threats to his rule from the area. Ulugh Beg, eldest son of Shah Rukh, seated on a carpet, Samarqand, 1435-1440 SAMARKAND, UZBEKISTAN: ULUGH BEG'S OBSERVATORY Of all the places we had planned to visit on this trip through the Stans, I was most excited for Samarkand, a city in Uzbekistan that is one of the oldest continuously-inhabited cities in Central Asia. Miran Shah was buried alongside his father in the Gur-e-Amir in Samarqand. Timur was also the founder of the dynasty that the Mughals belonged to. December 2 – The University of Leipzig opens. Abu Sa'id's own grandson was Babur, the founder of the Mughal Empire of India. He advanced to the Oxus River against Khalil but turned back when Khalil's father Miran Shah, as well as his brother Abu Bakr ibn Miran Shah, marched from Azerbaijan in support. The Pashtun Tahaffuz Movement (PTM) held a public gathering in Miranshah, the capital of North Waziristan, on Sunday. [4][5] Several years later, the last of the Kartids, Ghiyas-uddin's son Pir Muhammad, was killed by Miran Shah in a banquet that the latter hosted. In 1905, the British constructed Miramshah Fort to control North Waziristan. Following Timur's death in 1405, Miran Shah became embroiled in the ensuing war of succession, having thrown his support behind his son Khalil Sultan. Miran has 5 jobs listed on their profile. Sultan Husayn Tayichiud, a maternal grandson of Timur as well as Miran Shah's son-in-law,[21] also made a bid for the throne before aligning himself with Khalil Sultan. Mironshoh, Jaloliddin Amiranshoh (1366—1408) — Amir Temurning 3-o'g'lidir va u otasiga koplab janglarda yordam korsatga.Mirza Miran Shah Beg (1366 – 16?April 1408) (Persian: میران شاہ) was a son of Timur, and a Timurid governor during his father's lifetime.Miran Shah's first charge was a vast region centered on Qandahar, which he was granted in 1383. At the same time, Miran Shah supported another son, Khalil Sultan, in his claims the throne. In the struggle that followed Timur's death in 1405, his son Aba Bakr managed to oust Jalayirid forces from Tabriz and Miran Shah reestablished himself in Azerbaijan. [7][8], Several revolts were also put down by Miran Shah in subsequent years. Opaque watercolor and gold on paper, sheet: 19 5/8 x 11 3/4 in. T imur is in the centre and on his right is his son Miran Shah (the first Mughal emperor Babur’s great-great- grandfather) and then Abu Said (Babur’s grandfather). His mother was the daughter of Suhrab Kurd and a relative of Izz al-din Shir of Hakkari, who was a … Transoxiana was then given to Shahrukh Mirza's son Ulugh Beg. [9] Timur sent Miran Shah who, after a protracted siege of several months, had Tus sacked and razed, with the city suffering a heavy death toll. This was likely due to Miran Shah, who posed a serious threat as he, along with his other son Abu Bakr, had led an army out of Azerbaijan in support of Khalil Sultan. The poet Daulatshah reported that Miran Shah also ordered the tomb of the historian Rashid-al-Din Hamadani be dismantled and for his bones to be re-interred in a Jewish cemetery. According to Abu'l Fazl, the Grand Vizier of his descendant Akbar, Muhammad Mirza's mother was Mihr Nush of the Fulad Qiya tribe. (49.8 x 29.8 cm). 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